Utilization and prospects of electrochemiluminescence for characterization, sensing, imaging and devices

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) involves the generation of species by an electrochemical stimulus to induce luminescence, representing a highlighted specific field over decades for various analytical applications. In this review, we have summarized the recent development of a large number of ECL luminophores, which can be categorized as single molecules, nanostructured materials, and heterocyclic compounds with AIE effects. Moreover, we discussed the applications of ECL in many fields, such as material characterization, sensing, imaging and devices. We firmly believe that this review will attract extensive attention.