Ultralow Loss and High Tunability in a Non-perovskite Relaxor Ferroelectric

Dielectric ceramics are fundamental for electronic systems, including energy storages, microwave applications, ultrasonics, and sensors. Relaxor ferroelectrics show superb performance among dielectrics due to their high efficiency and energy density by the nature of nanodomains. Here, a novel non-perovskite relaxor ferroelectric, Bi₆Ti₅WO₂₂, with ultralow loss, ≈10⁻³, highly tunable permittivity, ≈2200 at room temperature with 40% tunability and the superparaelectric region at room temperature is presented. The actual crystal structure and the nanodomains of Bi₆Ti₅WO₂₂ are demonstrat Various-temperature neutron powder diffraction and in situ high-resolution transmission-electron-microscopy illustrate the twinning effect, subtle structure change and micro-strain in the material influenced by temperature, manifesting the actual crystal structure of Bi₆Ti₅WO₂₂. Compared with dielectric loss of BaTiO₃-based dielectric tunable materials, the loss of Bi₆Ti₅WO₂₂ is more than an order of magnitude lower, which makes it exhibit a figure of merit (≈240), much higher than that of conventional dielectric tunable materials (< 100), endorse the material great potential for direct applications. The present research offers a strategy for discovering novel relaxor ferroelectrics and a highly desirable material for fabricating energy storage capacitors, microwave dielectrics, and ultrasonics.