The impact of post-2019 migration on Hong Kong population dynamics

Since 2019, an increasing number of Hong Kong residents have either emigrated or have considered doing so. In this chapter, we examine the potential impact of the post-2019 emigration trend on the population structure of Hong Kong. We begin by providing an estimate of the magnitude of emigration, drawing on official statistics. We then present our analyses of the demographic and economic consequences of emigration, including issues of ageing, the “brain drain”, a reduced workforce, increased overseas study, and a declining birth rate. We also discuss the mobility of expatriates in the context of the recent emigration trend, the measures the Hong Kong government has introduced to attract migrants to Hong Kong in response to emigration, and the subsequent new immigration trends from mainland China. We posit that mass emigration will have a significant impact on societal equilibrium.