The efficacy and safety of specific immunotherapy for bronchial asthma through two different administration routes

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of specific immunotherapy for mite allergic bronchial asthma through two different administration routes. Methods: Totally 40 patients with relieved mite allergic asthma were divided randomly into two groups. The two groups were treated with sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), respectively, for one year. Then we recorded the clinical efficacy and safety indexes of the two groups. Results: There were significant differences before and after immunotherapy in the percentage of controlled patients, dosage of inhaled corticosteroids, ACQ and AQLQ scores, and skin prick test in the two groups (P<0.05). The indexes above were all improved to different extents after immunotherapy, but there was no difference in the improved level between the two groups (P>0.05). Lung function, percentage of eosinophils and sIgE did no change significantly in the two groups after therapy (P>0.05). Common adverse reactions such as tongue swelling, prick, gastrointestinal discomfort and throat discomfort were observed in SLIT group, while asthma attack, rash and fatigue were found in SCIT group. Conclusion: Sublingual immunotherapy and subcutaneous therapy have equivalent therapeutic effects in specific immunotherapy for mite allergen, and the former has a greater advantage in compliance and safety.