Synergistic Dual-Doping and Hollow Nanostructure Engineering in MoS₂ Anode for Enhanced Lithium Storage

The development of high-performance anode materials is critical to overcoming the limitations of conventional graphite in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), particularly its low theoretical capacity and sluggish kinetics. MoS₂ with high theoretical capacity and layered structure has emerged as a promising alternative, yet its practical application is hindered by poor conductivity, severe volume expansion, and nanosheet aggregation. While strategies such as heteroatom doping and nano-structural engineering have been explored, challenges in scalability, interfacial stability, and synthesis complexity persist. Herein, a Ni/Co co-doped MoS₂ hollow nanocubic anode designed to synergistically address these limitations is reported. The incorporation of Ni and Co atoms enhances electronic conductivity and introduces dual redox-active sites, while the hollow architecture mitigates mechanical stress from volume changes and provides abundant active surfaces. This unique configuration enables efficient Li⁺ diffusion, robust structural integrity, and reduced charge transfer resistance. The optimized material delivers a high reversible capacity of 1174.2 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹, exceptional rate capability (409.7 mAh g⁻¹ at 2 A g⁻¹), and cyclic cyclability with 64.2% capacity retention after 150 cycles.