Strategies Enhancing the Efficiency of CoFe-Based Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution Reaction in Alkaline

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), a critical process in energy conversion and storage technologies, necessitates highly efficient electrocatalysts to address its inherently sluggish kinetics. In recent years, cobalt–iron (CoFe) composites have emerged as promising candidates for OER in alkaline due to their low cost, abundant reserves, and exceptional catalytic performance. These attributes have driven advancements in the design and development of sophisticated nanostructures such as nanoarrays and core–shell structures. This review focuses on the latest progress in CoFe-based electrocatalysts including alloys, oxides, hydroxides, nitrides, phosphides, and sulfides, with a particular focus on the modification strategies and synthetic methods of diverse CoFe-based electrocatalysts. In particular, the role and mechanisms of the external physical fields used to enhance the OER performance are discussed. At last, the current challenges and future research directions for efficient CoFe-based electrocatalysts are also presented. This review aims to provide theoretical foundations and technical insights for the rational design and broader applications of high-performance CoFe-based electrocatalysts.