Strategic Behavior Modeling of Energy Aggregators in Electricity and Carbon Markets

Energy aggregators (EA) play an important role in the electricity- carbon joint market. EA can aggregate traditional thermal power units and renewable energy generators, and their operation strategies will directly affect the renewable energy consumption, carbon emission allowances (CEA) and economic benefits of the system, and their decisions will play a counterproductive role in the pricing of electric energy and CEA. Firstly, based on the renewable portfolio standards, this paper proposed a clearing model of the electricity and carbon market for EA. Secondly, after fully considering the uncertainty of renewable energy, a two-stage optimization model that can maximize the benefits of EA and maximize social welfare is established by simulating the trading process of EA in the electric energy carbon emission rights market. Finally, by using the KKT theorems and dual theory, the initial nonlinear two-stage problem is transformed into a linear mathematical problem with equilibrium constraints. The above model is analyzed on the improved IEEE-30 node power grid model. The results show that the strategic behavior of EA both increases their revenue and effectively reduces the carbon emissions of the system.