Space-Time-Polarization Adaptive Antenna Arrays for GNSS Receivers

This paper discusses about space-time-polarization adaptive antenna arrays (STPA) for global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. The conventional right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) antenna is in-situ replaced by the proposed dual-polarized antenna, which combines space, time, and polarization for high anti-interference performance. By signal modelling, we suggest an efficient generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC) structure of STPA to equivalent the conventional linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) beamformer. We demonstrate by simulations that 4-element dual-polarized STPA can suppress 7 broadband interferences with different direction and polarization. However, if RHCP characteristic of GNSS signal is constrained, 7 broadband RHCP interferences with the same polarization characteristic cannot be suppressed effectively. The performance of this scenario is related to the normalized bandwidth of interferences. At last, we demonstrate that 4-element STPA and 7-element conventional spatial adaptive array have comparable anti-interference performances.