Simulation of three-dimension structure of magnetic fluid in the presence of a magnetic field gradient by the lattice Boltzmann model

By accounting for the external and internal forces acting on the suspended magnetic particles including gravitational force, Brownian force, van der Waals attraction force, dipole-dipole interaction force, and magnetic volume force, a three-dimension lattice Boltzmann model is proposed for simulating the mesoscaled structure of magnetic fluids with the presence of a magnetic field gradient. The distribution of suspended magnetic nanoparticles and morphology of the ferrofluid are simulated in the different external magnetic field gradient. The effect of the Kelvin force on the structures of the magnetic fluid is discussed.