Rayleigh-like nonlinear dielectric response and its evolution during electrical fatigue in antiferroelectric (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O₃ thin film

The Rayleigh-like nonlinear dielectric response and its evolution during electrical fatigue were systematically studied in antiferroelectric (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O₃ thin film. It is shown that the nonlinearity of dielectric permittivity can be described by the Rayleigh law under subswitching conditions. Electrical fatigue tests demonstrate that both the saturated polarization and the reversible/irreversible Rayleigh parameters show significant degradation after 10⁹ switching cycles. These phenomena could be explained by considering the growth of an interface degraded layer between the electrode and the film resulting from the charge injection induced by repetitive electrical switching during bipolar fatigue.