Proposal and assessment of a sustainable method for urban waste transportation and selling: real-life case study

Increasing municipal solid waste (MSW) has caused severe environmental pollution and social problems, which require effective treatment and resource utilization. Therefore, combined with a sustainable approach, an urban vacuum waste collection (VWC) system was established in this study. To optimize VWC management, a bi-objective model is created to address the issue of waste management in this work in an environmentally friendly way. This model evaluates the economic benefits, social benefits, and environmental costs of reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs). The proposed model is solved using the augmented ε-constraint method. Numeric results show the efficiency of the mentioned method. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to verify the model. The results depict that the VWC model is sensitive to parameters such as budget, transfer station capacity, treatment facilities’ capacity, and infrastructure costs.