Propagation dynamics and focusing characteristics of circular Airy Laguerre-Gaussian beams

In this work, a universal circular-Airy-based vortex beam model, termed the circular Airy Laguerre-Gaussian (CALG) beam, is proposed. Its generation mechanism, propagation dynamics, and focusing characteristics are systematically investigated through a combination of experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The beam evolution can be flexibly tuned by both the angular index l and the radial index p . Under identical initial peak intensity, both theoretical and experimental results indicate that CALG beam with larger l simultaneously achieve larger spot sizes and higher peak intensities, revealing an unconventional intensity-size scaling behavior. Moreover, by focusing CALG beams with a lens, controllable optical bottles are generated. Their intensity and shape are jointly governed by parameters l , p , and focal length of the lens, in particular, a non-diffraction optical bottle characterized by a slowly varying intensity plateau and stable beam width is realized. This work expands the toolkit for structuring controllable complex optical fields, and the findings have potential applications in optical potential well and optical trapping.