Peer-to-peer multi-energy distributed trading for interconnected microgrids: A general Nash bargaining approach

Energy sharing has significant potential in improving system energy utilization, improving economic efficiency, and reducing the impact on power system. The multi-microgrids distributed coordinated operation model is proposed in this paper to provide a reference for the coordinated operation of multi-microgrids considering factors such as electric and heat demand response, multi-energy interaction and uncertainties. First of all, the system operation framework is introduced and the function of each part is analyzed. Secondly, the multi-microgrids cooperative operation model is established, and generalized Nash bargaining method is used to assign total operating cost to ensure the enthusiasm of each microgrid to participate in cooperation. Then, considering the uncertainty of wind power and load in microgrids, a stochastic programming model based on conditional value-at-risk is established. Furthermore, alternate direction multiplier method is used to solve the proposed model to protect the data privacy of each microgrid participating in cooperation. Finally, through the analysis of calculation example, it is verified that the proposed model can reduce the operating cost of each microgrid and maintain enthusiasm of each microgrid for cooperation. In addition, the convergence and accuracy of algorithm are explained, and the influence of different connection modes and the interaction limit of electric and thermal power on the operating cost of microgrids is compared. Moreover, stochastic programming model also provides a reference plan for the trade-off between economic benefits and risk level of multi-microgrids system.