Peak shaving operational optimization of supercritical coal-fired power plants by revising control strategy for water-fuel ratio

Electricity generated from renewable energy source fluctuates heavily and can hardly be predicted. The peak shaving (or load cycling) operation of conventional thermal power plants is an effective means to mitigate the mismatch between electricity demands and supplies. Therefore, determining how thermal power plants can operate in a flexible and effective mode is an urgent issue that should be addressed. For thermal power plants, new methods and strategies need to be proposed to face the challenge of the integrating flexibility and energy saving into transient processes. Dynamic performances of thermal power plants during load cycling processes are affected by the coupling of the thermal system and the control system. Feasible approaches from optimizing the coordinated control system (CCS) may radically enhance the peak shaving capacity of thermal power plants. The heat storage in a coal-fired power plant, including heating surface metals and work media, varies with the load rate of the plant. During cycling load operations, the real-time heat storage value of one unit differs from that of the corresponding steady state load command rate. This difference hinders the flexibility of one unit and affects its economic performances during cycling processes. In this paper, a revised water fuel ratio (WFR) control strategy based on heat storage difference was proposed and tested on established coal-fired power plant models. Results show that the accumulation deviations of load rate command and real-time load rate are considerably reduced during load cycling processes when the proposed WFR control strategy is introduced. The revised WFR control strategy diminishes the difference between the target and the actual total power output. When the load cycling rate varies from 10 to 30 MW min⁻¹ between 50% and 100% THA, the standard coal consumption variation rate (Δb_s) decreases by 0.31–1.01 g kW⁻¹ h⁻¹ during loading up processes, and decreases by 0.26–1.69 g kW⁻¹ h⁻¹ during loading down processes.