p-Type vdW Semiconductor CrSCl Featuring Multipolarity Coexistence

Multipolar materials represent a paradigm shift in energy conversion, nonvolatile memory, and multifunctional sensing, enabling innovative, compact, and energy-efficient devices. However, achieving multipolarity in a single material is challenging due to often conflicting structural and electronic requirements. Herein, for the first time, we synthesized a p-type vdW semiconductor CrSCl featuring the coexistence of piezoelectricity and ferromagnetism. The carrier mobility of CrSCl at room temperature was found to be approximately 473.7 cm² v^-1 s^-1. Few-layer CrSCl crystals exhibit stable intrinsic magnetic order and effective piezoelectric coefficients. Theoretical calculations confirm that the magnetic properties of the CrSCl stem from its (a₁)_↑¹(1e)_↑² electron configuration and verify the stability of the ferromagnetic ground-state. The novel material CrSCl, a 2D ferromagnetic semiconductor with piezoelectric properties, enriches the class of transition-metal-based sulfide halides and provides a robust foundation for developing scalable 2D magnetic spintronics devices.