Optimization in the energy storage properties of Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃–SrTiO₃ ceramics by introducing Bi(Mg_0.5Zr_0.5)O₃

As one of the important electronic components, the dielectric capacitors for energy storage applications have been extensively studied in recent years. Among various dielectric materials, the perovskite oxide Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-based ceramics have become promising candidates due to their high polarization, dielectric tunability, environment-friendly composition, and so forth. Herein, the relaxor ferroelectric ceramics of Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃–SrTiO₃–Bi(Mg_0.5Zr_0.5)O₃ were prepared via solid-state reaction method. The sample with optimal composition not only retains the high polarization by introducing Bi³⁺ ions, but also achieves the reduced remanent polarization by enhancing relaxor behavior and the promoted electric breakdown strength by the grain size refinement. Accordingly, a high recoverable energy density of 8.3 J/cm³ under 450 kV/cm and the superb charge/discharge properties (current density C_D = 1200 A/cm², power density P_D = 150 MW/cm³, charge/discharge time t_0.9 = 0.15 µs) are achieved, revealing great prospect in energy storage applications.