Numerical study of thermal erosion behavior of RPV lower head wall impinged by molten corium jet with particle method

Erosion behavior of RPV lower head wall is of significance in the late in-vessel stage of a nuclear reactor severe accident. In the present study, a numerical modeling based on MPS method was completed and validated against the experimental data, and then the thermal erosion mechanisms of lower head wall by different molten corium jets were analyzed and the approach of coating a ZrO₂ liner to delay the thermal erosion was proposed. The results indicated that the heat transfer to lower head wall was dominated by forced convection for molten SS jet condition, while for Zr, ZrO₂ and UO₂ jet conditions the heat transfer at lower head wall surface was mainly through conduction due to the existence of crust and melted carbon steel layer. The insulating effect of the crust and melted carbon steel layer could delay the thermal erosion significantly, but the impingement of molten SS jet with superheat degree at about 300 K or higher was a great threat to lower head wall integrity. The sensitivity analysis of the effect of ZrO₂ liner on lower head wall thermal erosion demonstrated that it could effectively delay the erosion by molten metal jets.