Large-scale synthesis of macroporous SnO₂ with/without carbon and their application as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

The macroporous SnO₂ is prepared using close packed carbonaceous sphere template which synthesized from glucose by hydrothermal method. The structure and morphology of the macroporous SnO₂ are evaluated by XRD and FE-SEM. The average pore size of the macroporous SnO₂ is about 190 nm and its wall thickness is less than 10 nm. When the macroporous SnO ₂ filled with carbon is used as an anode material for lithium-ion battery, the capacity is about 380 mAh g^-1 after 70 cycles. The improved cyclability is attributed to the carbon matrix which is used as an effective physical buffer to prevent the collapse of the well dispersed macroporous SnO₂.