Interfacial charge-mediated non-volatile magnetoelectric coupling in Co_0.3Fe0_.7/Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃/Nb:SrTiO₃ multiferroic heterostructures

The central challenge in realizing non-volatile, E-field manipulation of magnetism lies in finding an energy efficient means to switch between the distinct magnetic states in a stable and reversible manner. In this work, we demonstrate using electrical polarization-induced charge screening to change the ground state of magnetic ordering in order to non-volatilely tune magnetic properties in ultra-thin Co_0.3Fe_0.7/Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃/Nb:SrTiO₃ (001) multiferroic heterostructures. A robust, voltage-induced, non-volatile manipulation of out-of-plane magnetic anisotropy up to 40 Oe is demonstrated and confirmed by ferromagnetic resonance measurements. This discovery provides a framework for realizing charge-sensitive order parameter tuning in ultra-thin multiferroic heterostructures, demonstrating great potential for delivering compact, lightweight, reconfigurable, and energy-efficient electronic devices.