Hydrothermal synthesis of lead magnoniobate powder

Lead Magnoniobate (designated as PMN) is the most promising ferroelectric relaxor material. Hydrothermal synthesis of PMN under low temperature demonstrated positive results with niobium oxide as one of the starting materials. The as-prepared nanometer crystallized pyrochlore phase can be transformed into perovskite phase by heat treatment at elevated temperatures. Both of the powders before and after heat treatment were analysed by means of X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).