Growth and piezo-/ferroelectric properties of PIN-PMN-PT single crystals

Ternary solid solution crystals of 0.19Pb(In _1/2Nb _1/2)O ₃- 0.46Pb(Mg _1/3Nb _2/3)O ₃- 0.35PbTiO ₃ [PIMNT(19/46/35)] with dimensions of 35 × 38 × 15 mm ³⁺ were grown by the top-seeded solution growth (TSSG) method. The dielectric, piezo- and ferroelectric properties of the grown crystals were characterized. The ternary piezocrystals exhibit a Curie temperature T _C 190°C and a tetragonal-rhombohedral phase transition temperature T _R-T 130°C, which are increased significantly compared with T _C ≈ 155°C and T _R-T ≈ 80°C of PMN-PT crystals. The dielectric constant (ε′) and dielectric loss tangent (tan ) are 4300 and 0.40 at room temperature. The piezoelectric coefficient d ₃₃ is found to be 2380 pC/N. The longitudinal electromechanical coupling factor k ₃₃ reaches 90 at room temperature. A peak-to-peak bipolar strain value of 0.13 is obtained at E ≈ 14 kV/cm. The coercive field Ec and remanent polarization Pr are 5.50 kV/cm and 27.10 μC/cm ², respectively, which are also improved from the vales of PMN-PT crystals.