Green hydrogen economy: Prospects and policies in Vietnam

Hydrogen (H₂) plays an important role in the energy transition toward a zero-carbon economy, in which green H₂ could replace fossil fuels in the refining, petrochemical, fertilizer, steel, cement, electricity, and transportation sectors. More importantly, the deployment of green H₂ strategies could ensure energy security and create an efficient way of using national resources. Vietnam has been considered as a country with abundant resources to produce green H₂ but several limitations slow down the transition to a green H₂ economy. Therefore, this article reviews the progress and potential of green H₂ production using solar and wind energy in Vietnam. In addition, the article analyzed the roadmaps and policies of various countries worldwide for the green H₂ economy comprehensively aiming to make policy recommendations for Vietnam. Overall, the green H₂ economy could promote Vietnam's stabilized socio-economic development according to the expected goals of the new era. Moreover, developing a green H₂ economy could contribute to building the image of Vietnam as a green country, attracting foreign investment and sustainable development.