Ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, and magnetoelectric characteristics of 0.9(0.7BiFeO₃-0.3BaTiO₃)-0.1CoFe₂O₄ ceramic composite

A 0.9(0.7BiFeO₃-0.3BaTiO₃-0.3 wt% MnO ₂)-0.1CoFe₂O₄ (BF-BT-CF) multiferroic ceramic composite was prepared and characterized. The composite showed well-saturated polarization- electric field and magnetic hysteresis loops simultaneously at room temperature, with a remanent polarization of 15.7 μC/cm² and a coercive field of 27 kV/cm. Spontaneous and remanent magnetizations of the BF-BT-CF composite were 6.7 and 0.87 emu/g, respectively. Its magnetoelectric voltage coefficient dE/dH was measured as a function of applied magnetic field at different frequencies. This ceramic composite might be a promising candidate as multiferroic materials displaying ferroelectricity, ferromagnetism, and magnetoelectricity.