Fabrication and formation mechanism of Mn₂O₃ hollow nanofibers by single-spinneret electrospinning

Mn₂O₃ hollow nanofibers (Mn₂O₃ HNs) have been prepared by direct annealing of electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/manganese acetate composite nanofibers. The morphology, crystal structure and compositions of the Mn₂O₃ HNs were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that composite nanofibers after calcination at high temperature still retain their fibrous morphology with a fascinating hollow structure. The resultant HNs are Mn ₂O₃ of high purity. The temperature-dependent experiments were carried out to monitor the evolution process of Mn₂O₃ HNs. The well-defined Mn₂O₃ HNs are the products of the reversed crystallization during the annealing process. This journal is