Enhanced multiferroic properties of the high-valence Pr doped BiFe O ₃ thin film

High-valence Pr-doped BiFe O₃ (BPF) multiferroic thin film was prepared by pulsed laser deposition on a PtTi O₂ Si O₂ Si substrate. X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that the BPF film is of pure phase with a polycrystalline perovskite structure. The BPF film exhibited enhanced multiferroic properties: (i) a rectangular-shaped electric hysteresis loop with a large Pr of 75 μC cm2 and a low Ec of 250 kVcm at Emax ∼620 kVcm, (ii) a saturated magnetic hysteresis loop with a large Ms of 58 emu cm3, and (iii) a fatigue-free behavior after being subjected to 1.2× 109 switching cycles, which were superior to, in some aspects, those of La- or Nd-doped BiFe O₃ films reported before.