TY - JOUR
T1 - Efficacy of surufatinib in advanced Grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors
T2 - a real-world, national, multicenter study
AU - Wang, Jian
AU - Zhang, Ning
AU - Liang, Yun
AU - Long, Jiang
AU - Chi, Yihebali
AU - Zhang, Suzhen
AU - Bai, Chunmei
AU - Wang, Yu
AU - Wu, Yinying
AU - Hu, Hanguang
AU - Hu, Weiyu
AU - Huang, Li
AU - Liu, Ying
AU - Lv, Huifang
AU - Song, Shanai
AU - Suo, Aili
AU - Wang, Xiangling
AU - Zhang, Lin
AU - Zhu, Liming
AU - Chen, Jie
AU - Hao, Jing
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), 2026. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access page (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
PY - 2026/7/1
Y1 - 2026/7/1
N2 - Background: Well-differentiated Grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors (G3 NETs) represent a heterogeneous entity with limited therapeutic standards. Surufatinib, a small-molecule inhibitor, has shown efficacy in G1/G2 NETs, but its specific role in the G3 subpopulation and optimal patient selection strategies remain to be elucidated. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the real-world efficacy of surufatinib in G3 NETs and identify the factors that influenced progression-free survival (PFS). Design: A national, multicenter, retrospective observational study. Methods: We analyzed data from 77 patients with unresectable or metastatic G3 NETs (Ki-67 > 20%) treated with surufatinib across 15 centers in China between January 2021 and April 2024. The reporting of this study conforms to the STROBE statement. The primary endpoint was PFS. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore prognostic factors. Results: The median Ki-67 index was 30% (range: 22%−70%), and 49 patients were of pancreatic origin. A total of 11 patients were treatment-naïve, and 27 patients received surufatinib-based combination therapy. The overall median PFS was 9.4 months (95% confidence interval: 8.5–13.0), and the objective response rate (ORR) was 22.1%. Patients with a Ki-67 index ⩽ 30% had longer PFS than the Ki-67 > 30% group (12.6 vs 9.0 months, hazard ratio = 0.270, p = 0.003). Combined treatment showed a numerical trend toward improved ORR (33.3% vs 16.0%, p = 0.08), but did not significantly prolong PFS compared to surufatinib monotherapy (9.7 vs 9.4 months, p = 0.64). Conclusion: Surufatinib was a promising therapeutic option for G3 NETs. Prospective, larger-scale cohorts are warranted to confirm the efficacy and address the predictive markers for better patient selection.
AB - Background: Well-differentiated Grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors (G3 NETs) represent a heterogeneous entity with limited therapeutic standards. Surufatinib, a small-molecule inhibitor, has shown efficacy in G1/G2 NETs, but its specific role in the G3 subpopulation and optimal patient selection strategies remain to be elucidated. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the real-world efficacy of surufatinib in G3 NETs and identify the factors that influenced progression-free survival (PFS). Design: A national, multicenter, retrospective observational study. Methods: We analyzed data from 77 patients with unresectable or metastatic G3 NETs (Ki-67 > 20%) treated with surufatinib across 15 centers in China between January 2021 and April 2024. The reporting of this study conforms to the STROBE statement. The primary endpoint was PFS. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to explore prognostic factors. Results: The median Ki-67 index was 30% (range: 22%−70%), and 49 patients were of pancreatic origin. A total of 11 patients were treatment-naïve, and 27 patients received surufatinib-based combination therapy. The overall median PFS was 9.4 months (95% confidence interval: 8.5–13.0), and the objective response rate (ORR) was 22.1%. Patients with a Ki-67 index ⩽ 30% had longer PFS than the Ki-67 > 30% group (12.6 vs 9.0 months, hazard ratio = 0.270, p = 0.003). Combined treatment showed a numerical trend toward improved ORR (33.3% vs 16.0%, p = 0.08), but did not significantly prolong PFS compared to surufatinib monotherapy (9.7 vs 9.4 months, p = 0.64). Conclusion: Surufatinib was a promising therapeutic option for G3 NETs. Prospective, larger-scale cohorts are warranted to confirm the efficacy and address the predictive markers for better patient selection.
KW - Grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors
KW - Ki-67 index
KW - multicenter
KW - real-world
KW - surufatinib
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105046419185
U2 - 10.1177/17588359261464488
DO - 10.1177/17588359261464488
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:105046419185
SN - 1758-8340
VL - 18
JO - Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
JF - Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
ER -