Design, characterization, fabrication, and performance evaluation of ferroelectric dielectric resonator antenna for high-speed wireless communication applications

The research comprehensively analyzes the structural, electrical, and electrodynamic characteristics of Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃ nanoparticles synthesized using a sol-gel approach. The formation of a tetragonal perovskite phase and the nano-crystalline nature have been confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has been employed to identify characteristic absorption bands correlated with the crystal lattice vibrations of Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃. The sample's morphology has been examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing a relatively dense and homogeneous composition composed of small spherical particles. The electrical properties of Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃ nanoparticles have also been investigated using a ferroelectric measurement technique. The soft electric hysteresis loop with a small coercive field value makes the sample suitable for photovoltaic applications. Finally, a compact dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) based on Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃ nanoparticles has been designed and characterized. The designed DRA demonstrates good impedance matching, broadside radiation pattern, and high antenna gain and efficiency at the frequency band of 5.6–6.15 GHz, making it suitable for sub-6 GHz (5 G) applications.