TY - JOUR
T1 - Characteristics and contribution of VOCs emission from motorcycles to ozone formation in Xi’an, China
AU - Yuan, Wanli
AU - Lv, Yongjie
AU - Qu, Jiahui
AU - Li, Baoji
AU - Rao, Yongfang
AU - Ji, Ou
AU - Cui, Long
AU - Huang, Yu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy Sciences 2026.
PY - 2026
Y1 - 2026
N2 - The concentration and reactivity of VOCs (volatile organic compounds), an important precursor of O3, play a critical role in the formation of O3 during photochemical reactions. This study investigated the VOCs emission of motorcycles with the displacement ranging among 110–125 cc, 150–175 cc, 300–400 cc, and 500–650 cc. Motorcycle emission tests including exhaust emission test and evaporative emission test were conducted. The greater the motorcycle’s displacement, the higher the VOC emissions during the cold start phase. The VOC emission of all motorcycles during the cold start stage is the largest among three stages. The VOC evaporative emission of all motorcycles during the diurnal breathing phase is greater than that during the hot soak phase. The total annual emission of VOCs from motorcycles that meet the national emission standards of Stage IV in Xi’an is approximately 341.8 t, and the total annual ozone production is approximately 1517.3 t. This study applies the WMTC (World Motorcycle Test Cycle) to analyze the VOCs from exhaust emission and evaporative emission of motorcycles. The results can provide a reference for government to formulate the polices relevant to VOCs emission control.
AB - The concentration and reactivity of VOCs (volatile organic compounds), an important precursor of O3, play a critical role in the formation of O3 during photochemical reactions. This study investigated the VOCs emission of motorcycles with the displacement ranging among 110–125 cc, 150–175 cc, 300–400 cc, and 500–650 cc. Motorcycle emission tests including exhaust emission test and evaporative emission test were conducted. The greater the motorcycle’s displacement, the higher the VOC emissions during the cold start phase. The VOC emission of all motorcycles during the cold start stage is the largest among three stages. The VOC evaporative emission of all motorcycles during the diurnal breathing phase is greater than that during the hot soak phase. The total annual emission of VOCs from motorcycles that meet the national emission standards of Stage IV in Xi’an is approximately 341.8 t, and the total annual ozone production is approximately 1517.3 t. This study applies the WMTC (World Motorcycle Test Cycle) to analyze the VOCs from exhaust emission and evaporative emission of motorcycles. The results can provide a reference for government to formulate the polices relevant to VOCs emission control.
KW - Emission factor
KW - Evaporative emission
KW - Exhaust emission
KW - Ozone formation potential
KW - Volatile organic compounds
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105030148665
U2 - 10.1007/s41810-026-00378-9
DO - 10.1007/s41810-026-00378-9
M3 - 文章
AN - SCOPUS:105030148665
SN - 2510-375X
JO - Aerosol Science and Engineering
JF - Aerosol Science and Engineering
ER -