CdS quantum dots modified N-doped titania plates for the photocatalytic mineralization of diclofenac in water under visible light irradiation

Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) are emerging contaminants, which can affect water quality and potentially impact drinking water supplies, ecosystem and human health. Conventional wastewater treatment technologies can not efficiently remove PPCPs from water. In this study, a new photocatalyst, CdS quantum dots (QDs) modified nitrogen-doped TiO₂ plates (NTP) with dominated {0 0 1} facets, was explored to decompose diclofenac (DCF), one of PPCPs. The results show that CdS QDs were dispersed on the surface of NTP uniformly with strong interface interaction due to the special preparation procedure, where thiolactic acid was used as a linker to bind CdS QDs on NTP in situ.This NTP/CdS system presented much high photocatalytic activity for the mineralization of DCF under visible light irradiation, and its reaction rate constant was significantly enhanced to 1.95 times of NTP and 2.88 times of CdS, respectively. The photocatalytic activity improvement could be attributed to the enhancement of visible light absorption and the reduction of electron-hole pair recombination rate, which were resulted from N-doping, preferred crystallographic orientation and the strong interaction between NTP and highly dispersed CdS QDs.