高超声速飞行器宽速域气动布局设计与优化研究进展

Hypersonic vehicles are evolving towards broader speed ranges, wider operational airspaces, and enhanced practicality, with wide-speed-range aerodynamic design emerging as one of the critical bottlenecks in their engineering and development. This paper reviews representative hypersonic aircraft and spaceplane concept plans released since the 21st century by U.S. government agencies and domestic aerospace companies, analyzing the evolutionary trends and shifts in design philosophies concerning the aerodynamic layouts of hypersonic vehicles. It then provides a comprehensive overview of the research progress in the design and optimization of aerodynamic layouts for hypersonic vehicles, focusing on three aspects: the expanded design of waveriders in a wide speed range, the aerodynamic optimization of wide-speed-range layouts, and the design of variable configurations. The technical challenges and difficulties inherent in wide-speed-range aerodynamic design are examined, and the insights into future research and development directions in the design and optimization of wide-speed-range aerodynamic layouts is prospected.