铜(I)基卤化物材料的结构调控、光学性质及光电器件应用研究进展

As an emerging class of lead-free optoelectronic materials, copper(I)-based halides materials have garnered significant attention in the field of optoelectronic devices due to their unique physicochemical properties, abundant structural diversity, and excellent optoelectronic performance. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress on copper(I)-based halides materials, starting from crystal structure design to in-depth discussions on their electronic characteristics, optical properties, and controllable synthesis strategies. Studies reveal that through structural modulation(e.g., A-site cation selection, halogen composition optimization), copper(I)-based halides materials not only inherit the high photoluminescence quantum yield and spectral tunability of lead-based perovskites, but also significantly enhance material stability and environmental adaptability, effectively addressing the toxicity and instability issues of lead-based counterparts. The broadband emission characteristics are widely attributed to the self-trapped exciton luminescence mechanism, manifested by large Stokes shifts, long photoluminescence lifetime, and strong exciton-phonon coupling. This review introduces synthesis techniques for single crystals, nanocrystals, and thin films, and highlights breakthroughs in optoelectronic applications such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photodetectors, and X-ray scintillators. For instance, the external quantum efficiency of green LEDs based on copper(I)-based halide materials has exceeded 13%, deep-ultraviolet-sensitive photodetectors based on Cs₃Cu₂I₅ thin films demonstrate a high photo-responsivity of 17.8 A·W^-1, and Cs₃Cu₂I₅ scintillators exhibit a light yield of 79 279 photons per MeV. Looking ahead, by precisely modulating material dimensionality, optimizing device interface engineering, and exploring novel application scenarios, copper(I)-based halides are poised to advance optoelectronic devices toward high efficiency, environmental sustainability, and multifunctional integration.