系统知识与航空工业体系化成长-基于典型机型的案例研究

The history of the aviation industry reveals that core and key technologies cannot be acquired through external means such as requests, purchases, or negotiations. For latecomers, achieving technological advancement requires a steadfast commitment to autonomous innovation. Most existing research provides in - depth case studies of breakthroughs in individual core and key technologies or products, implicitly assuming that the overall systemic knowledge at the overall product level is exogenously given. This approach makes it challenging to clearly identify the sources of industrial systematic growth. In fact, systemic knowledge is the foundation and key to achieving breakthroughs in core and key technologies and enabling latecomers to catch up. However, existing research has not given it sufficient attention, creating a significant knowledge gap in the theoretical framework of autonomous innovation. To address this theoretical gap, this study takes four representative aircraft models from the history of Chinaś aviation industry, JH - 7, MA60, ARJ21, and C919, as case studies to explore the generation, accumulation, and value of systemic knowledge. The study also delves into the intrinsic mechanisms through which systemic knowledge drives the systematic growth of the aviation industry, aiming to clarify the development roadmap for China' s aviation industry and other critical fields, while supporting the nationś transition from a large manufacturing country to a world manufacturing power. The results show that, first, the generation of systemic knowledge is rooted in independent product development, emphasizing autonomous research and development to master and understand the underlying principles of technology rather than relying on surveying and mapping or imitation for technological accumulation. Second, the accumulation of systemic knowledge is achieved through product development platforms that enable technological iteration and upgrading, highlighting the strategic and leading role of systemic knowledge as critical to accelerating technological progress and achieving high - quality domestic substitution. Third, the value of systemic knowledge lies in enhancing national industrial autonomy and driving profound transformations in the industrial foundation. Furthermore, leading enterprises at the " pinnacle" of the industrial system generate and accumulate systemic knowledge through independent product development. By employing " long - arm innovation," these enterprises drive iterative advancements in component knowledge across the supply chain, enabling high - quality domestic substitution. In addition, collaboration with lead users facilitates the critical process of " learning by using," fostering user - driven knowledge innovation. This synergy establishes a market - oriented " positive cash flow development cycle," propelling systematic growth throughout the industry. Based on these findings, China should implement mechanisms such as " horse - racing" and " open competition mechanism to select the best" in strategic emerging industries and future - oriented industries to accelerate the cultivation of leading enterprises capable of mastering systemic knowledge, thereby gaining a competitive edge in development. Simultaneously, the government should maximize its role in guiding scientific and technological innovation by fostering a " pair - share" collaborative mechanism that connects major strategic product development enterprises with lead users. Additionally, an industrial innovation system should be established, centered on the development of " pillars of a great power," which integrates basic research, breakthroughs in core technologies, and systemic knowledge innovation.