液滴与壁面碰撞力的实验和数值研究

An experimental setup was developed by employing a highly sensitive piezoelectric force transducer to record the impact force of a water drop colliding on a horizontal plate. Additionally, a high-speed camera was used to capture the impact deformation of the drop shape. The experimental data of impact force and drop shape were used to validate the two-dimensional axisymmetric numerical model which uses the Volume of Fluid (VOF) method to track the free surface of the drop. The effect of drop shape at the instant of impact on the impact force evolution was numerically investigated in detail. The results show that, with the same drop mass and impact velocity, a drop with a high horizontal-to-vertical diameter ratio will exert a high impact force on the plate. Furthermore, the peak impact force increases linearly with the ratio but the time interval reaching the peak force decreases in a power law function.