气液放电技术在能源转化领域的应用研究进展

Gas-liquid discharge, as a representative form of plasma discharge, has attracted significant attention in recent years for its potential in green energy conversion. By generating high-energy electrons, free radicals, and other reactive species, the discharge enables a range of high-energy chemical reactions under ambient conditions. This review provides an overview of the fundamental principles, reactor configurations, and key influencing factors of gas-liquid discharge, with a particular focus on its applications in CO2 conversion, nitrogen fixation, and biomass conversion. In CO2 conversion, the discharge enables the efficient production of value-added products such as carbon monoxide and organic acids. In nitrogen fixation, plasma activation facilitates nitrogen dissociation and promotes the synthesis of ammonia and nitrates. In biomass conversion, the discharge has been applied to pretreatment, hydrogen production, and liquefaction, demonstrating strong potential for resource utilization and chemical upgrading. The review also discusses current challenges in scaling up the technology and outlines future directions in energy chemistry and sustainable development.