有机小分子荧光探针对甲醛的识别及其应用

Formaldehyde (FA) is not only used as a basic chemical for industrial products, but also a necessary metabolite for regulating human physiological activities. However, excessive intake from the external environment or unbalanced metabolism homeostasis of the internal environment would cause critical diseases to the human body such as organ cancers, Alzheimer̓s disease and so on. The high sensitivity and selectivity with visualization and in-situ detection by means of small-molecular fluorescent probe, provides superiority for identification of FA and biological image in vitro and in vivo, and a new detection method for the trace detection of FA in real products as well. In the past five years, fluorescent probes of FA have developed rapidly. This article mainly reviews the research progress of fluorescent probes for FA recognition and applications, including the general reaction mechanisms and the applications in organisms and samples with commercial products. It is concluded that the small molecular fluorescent probes should be continuously improved in structures and optical characteristics to not only assist long-term research in biomedicine, but also lead to the achievable goals of fast (in situ) detecting FA in practice from actual products.