新型聚合水凝胶太阳能蒸发材料构建与 同步脱盐截酚研究

To address the dual requirements of deep desalination and efficient recovery of phenolic organics from phenol-containing wastewater, a poly (acrylamide-trehalose)/carbon black (PAT/CB) hydrogel material was developed based on the transport mechanisms of water, salts, and organic matter in solar interfacial evaporation. Through molecular design and structural optimization, both the photothermal evaporation performance and phenol pollutant interception capability of the PAT/CB hydrogel were simultaneously enhanced. During the desalination process, the phenol content in the condensate water was reduced, while phenolic compounds were selectively enriched, providing high-concentration raw material for subsequent phenol recovery, thereby achieving simultaneous desalination and phenol interception in high-salinity phenol-containing wastewater. The results show that the swelling properties of the hydrogel can be optimized by adjusting the trehalose (Tre)ratio and monomer content. Carbon black imparts a broadband light absorption rate of 97% and a thermal localization characteristic of 14. 9 ℃ to the material. Combined with the hydration effect of Tre, a photothermal conversion efficiency of 77% and an evaporation rate of 1. 68 kg/(m² · h) were achieved, with stable evaporation performance maintained in high-salinity environments containing 3. 5% to 10. 5% NaCl. Differential scanning calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy analyses indicate that Tre increases the proportion of intermediate water to 26%, significantly reducing the evaporation enthalpy to 1 895 J/g, thus revealing the evaporation mechanism at the molecular level. Simultaneous interception efficiencies of over 99% for salt ions and 73% for phenol were achieved. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the application of solar interfacial evaporation technology in the treatment of high-salinity phenol-containing wastewater.