数据中心多能互补分布式能源系统设计与运行优化研究

To achicvc low-carbon transformation and energy efficiency improvement of data centers, a distributed multi-encrgy System that incorporates various rcncwable energy sources and energy storage deviccs is introduced as their energy supply System. Firstly, an optimization objcctive System comprising life cycle costs, carbon emissions, energy consumption, grid electricity purchasc rate, and hcat wastc rate is established. Subsequently, two Operation strategics considering load characteristics are developed, and an improved multi-objeetive grasshopper optimization algorithm is employed to determine the System capacity configuration. To analyzc the impact of optimization objeetives and Operation strategies on System optimization, various optimized dcsign schcmcs arc formulated by combining different optimization objectives and Operation strategies. The analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight method are used to assign wcights to evaluation criteria, and the vlseKriterijumska optimizacija I kompromisno resenje (VIKOR) method is applied for evaluation ranking. A casc study on a data center in Qinghai province is condueted to obtain its energy System optimal design and Operation scheme. The results indicate that the capacities of the absorption chilier and the ground source heat pump are influenced by the Operation strategy, while the capacity of the energy storage device is affected by the optimization objeetive. Undcr the samc Operation strategy, increasing the number of optimization objectives can enhance the Overall Performance of the System. The values of the fundamental optimization objectives such as lifc cycle costs, carbon emissions, and energy consumption show minor variations across different schemes, whereas the grid electricity purchase rate and heat waste rate exhibit significant changes. Through the implementation of five-objeetive optimization, which integrates heat waste rate and grid electricity purchase rate with the basic optimization objectives, the System' s Overall Performance is notably enhanced. Specifically, the heat waste rate and grid electricity purchase rate arc redueed by 62. 30% and 25. 92%, respectively, while renewable energy generation sees a 2% increase.