微通道板的增益研究

[Background] Microchannel plate (MCP) is an electron multiplier device with an ultra-fast time response, which can be directly used for the detection of charged particles. The gain of MCP has a large influence on the properties of the neutron detector. [Purpose] This study aims to investigate the gain of the MCP through theoretical simulation and experimental test. [Methods] First of all,a sub-ns time-response neutron detector based on recoiled proton and MCP was developed for experimental test.The Monte Carlo method was used to simulate the number of secondary electrons generated by a single electron multiplying on a single microchannel, and the electron gain of a single-chip MCP at different voltages was calculated. Then, the gain characteristics of two MCPs were studied by alpha particle experiments. [Results] The calculation results show that the theoretical gain of a single-chip MCP is consistent with the MCP factory inspection report. The experimental results show that when the supply voltage of each MCP is 800 V, the gain of double MCP is about 9.0×10⁶. [Conclusions] The method clarified in the paper is reliable and feasible, and provides a new technical approach for the study of MCP gain. It also provides a theoretical basis for studying the performance of MCP neutron detectors.