微气泡操控及其在功能材料图案化中的应用

Bubble is a two-phase system formed by gas dispersing in liquid. Accurate control of bubbles has many applications in material, medical, chemical and other fields. Different from the traditional method of classifying bubbles according to size, we classify bubbles into free bubbles and confined bubbles according to the freedom of the space in which they live. The introduction of confined space reduces the freedom of motion and makes bubbles more controllable. This paper focuses on the control and application of bubbles in confined space, introduces basic theories related to nucleation, structure, evolution and stability, and summarizes the multi-dimensional bubble control and application, including free bubble, two-dimensional bubble array, three-dimensional bubble array. The research of two-dimensional bubble array in confined space as a new template to fabricate functional material pattern is particularly focused, and the applications of confined bubbles in micro-/nano-scale and even molecular patterning, functional device fabrication and nano-scale bubble manipulation are outlooked.