屮丨对两部贫丨彳；丨地区学龄儿童屯长发育及背养状况与社会经济状况关联分析

Objective To study growth, development, and nutritional status of school-age children in poor areas of western China, and to analyze their relationship with socioeconomic status (SES), so as to provide recommendations for future work. Methods This study recruited 1 059 children and their parents from 3 poverty-stricken counties in Shaanxi and Sichuan provinces, using data collected from the "Study of Nutritional Status and Improvement of School-age Children in Poor Areas of China". Physical measurements were taken, and a questionnaire survey was administered to the children and their parents. Principal component analysis was used to construct SES as explanatory variables, including five indicators of parental education, occupation, and family monthly income. The correaltion of SES and growth (height, weight, waist circumference and BMI) with nutritional status (stunting, wasting, overweight/obesity and central obesity) was analyzed using a mixed-effects model. Results The prevalence of stunting, wasting, overweight/obesity, obesity, and central obesity among school-age children was 2. 8% , 7. 4% , 26. 0% , 14. 4% , and 24. 5% , respectively. Compared with the low SES group, school-age children with high SES had a higher waist circumference and BMI, increased by 2. 50cm (95%CI: 1.14 - 3.86) and 0. 76kg/m2 (95% CI: 0.27 - 1.25) respectively (P < 0.05). They were also more likely to be overweight/obese and have central obesity, with an increased risk of 63% (QR=1. 63, 95%CI:1. 12 - 2. 38) and 62% (OR=l. 62, 95%CI:1. 10 - 2.39) respectively (P<0. 05). Conclusions SES is positively correlated with school-age children s growth indices and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in impoverished areas of western China, where children face the double burden of malnutrition. While efforts are made to eliminate wasting, it is necessary to control the rapid increase in obesity prevalence and focus on improving children s family environment and nutritional status.