基层医务人员睡眠时点与抑郁症状的关联性

To explore the association between sleep timing and depression symptoms among primary healthcare medical staff in Shaanxi Province. Methods Using a convenience sampling method, an online questionnaire survey was conducted among medical staff in primary healthcare institutions in Shaanxi Province from September 2023 to December 2023. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between sleep timing and depression symptoms. Furthermore, a generalized additive model was applied to explore the dose-response relationship between sleep timing and depression symptoms. Results A total of 2 266 participants were included in the study, among whom 567 (25.02%) had depression symptoms. There were no significant differences in age, gender, educational level, income, or body mass index between participants with and without depression symptoms (all P>0.05). However, statistically significant differences were observed in lifestyle and sleep-related variables (all P < 0.05). Delayed sleep onset time and sleep midpoint were associated with an increased risk of depression symptoms. Compared with participants who fell asleep between 22∶00 and 23∶00, those who fell asleep between 23∶00 and 24∶00 and after 24∶00 had a 31% (OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.04-1.66, P=0.020) and 111% (OR=2.11, 95% CI: 1.42-3.13, P < 0.001) higher risk of depression symptoms, respectively. Compared with participants whose sleep midpoint was between 2∶00 and 3∶00, those with a sleep midpoint after 3∶00 had a 31% higher risk of depression symptoms (OR=1.31, 95% CI: 1.05-1.63, P=0.018). Non-linear associations were found between sleep onset time [effective degrees of freedom (EDF) =2.51, P < 0.001], sleep midpoint (EDF=2.93, P < 0.001) and depression symptoms. Conclusions Delayed sleep timing was significantly associated with depression symptoms. Therefore, interventions aimed at preventing depression symptoms by improving sleep should focus not only on sleep duration but also on sleep timing.