基于小型核反应堆的综合能源系统 容量优化与综合评

To address the issues of high energy consumption and carbon emissions in data centers, an innovative nuclear-wind-solar-storage integrated energy system architecture based on small modular reactors was proposed. By coupling the base load characteristics of nuclear energy with the complementarity of wind, solar, and storage, an electrical-cooling-heating multi-energy collaborative optimization model was constructed. By introducing an absorption cooling priority strategy within a four-objective optimization framework containing economy, energy efficiency, environmental impact, and reliability, solutions were conducted by a multi-objective cat swarm optimization algorithm, and combined with the preferred-sequence graph method and criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC) method, an evaluation was carried out based on subjective-objective weighting. Results demonstrate that, compared with the traditional three-objective optimization electrical cooling priority scheme, for the four-objective optimization absorption cooling priority scheme, the net present cost of system is increased by 1.2%, and the carbon emission during life-cycle is increased by 9.9%, the self-sufficiency rate of system is improved by 1.3%, and the approach index reaches 0.675 7. It is validated the effectiveness of the proposed method, and relevant researches can provide a technically feasible pathway for coupling nuclear energy with data centers.