回转误差双目视觉同步测量方法

To address the problems of complex adjustment and limited outcomes associated with existing rotational error measurement methods, an absolute coordinate measurement method based on binocular vision was proposed to enable accurate and synchronous measurement of the five-degree-of-freedom （5-DOF）rotational errors of precision rotary axes.A binocular vision system was adopted to capture the images of the target as it moves with the rotary axis.The absolute coordinate trajectories of the target spherical centers in the world coordinate system were accurately obtained through sub-pixel edge detection, least-squares center fitting, and threedimensional coordinate reconstruction.An evaluation coordinate system was constructed with reference to the average axis line of the target, and a rotational error evaluation model based on absolute coordinate trajectories was developed to quantify the rotational errors of the precision rotary axis.The results show that all rotational errors measured by the proposed method at different rotational speeds are in good agreement with those obtained by the comparison method： the maximum measurement deviation of radial rotational error is 5.3 μm, corresponding to a deviation percentage of 18.5%；the maximum measurement deviation of axial rotational error is 1.5μm, corresponding to a deviation percentage of 11.8%；the maximum measurement deviation of tilt rotational error is 0.004 1°, corresponding to a deviation percentage of 8.1%.All measurement deviations lie within the estimated range of measurement uncertainty, indicating that the proposed binocular vision measurement method exhibits high reliability.This research provides a solution for the geometric accuracy assessment of rotary axes.