Two-phase nanofluid condensation and heat transfer modeling using least square method (LSM) for industrial applications

In this paper, two-phase Nanofluid condensation and heat transfer analysis over a vertical plate under gravity and between two parallel plates under magnetic force are investigated respectively using Least Square Method (LSM) and numerical method. After presenting the governing equations and solving them by LSM, the accuracy of results is examined by fourth order Runge–Kutta numerical method. Modeling results show that the condensate film thickness after condensation is reduced and therefore, the rate of heat transfer is enhanced by the addition of nanoparticles to the regular fluid. Effect of different nanoparticles and constant numbers on the temperature/velocity/concentration profiles as well as Nusselt number and boundary layer thickness, are also investigated. For instance, it was found that TiO₂ and Ag have maximum boundary layer thicknesses and Nusselt number, respectively. By considering the magnetic field effect, it is also found that nanoparticles concentration can be controlled by changing the Hartmann number which, in turn, leads to different condensation and heat transfer properties.