The palaeovegetation record of monsoon evolution in the desert-loess transition zone for the last 13 ka BP

The study was to clarify the events of monsoon climate recorded by the palaeovegetation, using the results of pollen analysis, organic carbon δ ¹³C, together with high-resolution ¹⁴C dating in the desert-loess transition zone for the last 13 ka BP. The palaeovegetation went though in the order of 9 periods viz.: Desert-grassland, steppe, semi-desert, humid-grassland, desert, sparse-wood-grassland, desert-grassland, grassland, and desert grassland. The semi-desert, humid-grassland, and desert corresponded with the Younger Dryas events of cold-dry, cool-humid, and cold-dry climate after the end of the last glaciation. The optimum of the Holocene and other humid period between 4.5 - 3.5 ka BP were of high significance in research area.