The CERN large hadron collider as a tool to study high-energy density matter

N. A. Tahir; V. Kain; R. Schmidt; A. Shutov; I. V. Lomonosov; V. Gryaznov; A. R. Piriz; M. Temporal; D. H.H. Hoffmann; V. E. Fortov

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.135004

The CERN large hadron collider as a tool to study high-energy density matter

N. A. Tahir
, V. Kain
, R. Schmidt
, A. Shutov
, I. V. Lomonosov
, V. Gryaznov
, A. R. Piriz
, M. Temporal
, D. H.H. Hoffmann
, V. E. Fortov

School of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

62 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will generate two extremely powerful 7 TeV proton beams. Each beam will consist of 2808 bunches with an intensity per bunch of 1.15 × 10¹¹ protons so that the total number of protons in one beam will be about 3 × 10¹⁴ and the total energy will be 362 MJ. Each bunch will have a duration of 0.5 ns and two successive bunches will be separated by 25 ns, while the power distribution in the radial direction will be Gaussian with a standard deviation, σ = 0.2 mm. The total duration of the beam will be about 89 μs. Using a 2D hydrodynamic code, we have carried out numerical simulations of the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response of a solid copper target that is irradiated with one of the LHC beams. These calculations show that only the first few hundred proton bunches will deposit a high specific energy of 400 kJ/g that will induce exotic states of high energy density in matter.

Original language	English
Article number	135004
Journal	Physical Review Letters
Volume	94
Issue number	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.135004
State	Published - 8 Apr 2005

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10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.135004

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title = "The CERN large hadron collider as a tool to study high-energy density matter",

abstract = "The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will generate two extremely powerful 7 TeV proton beams. Each beam will consist of 2808 bunches with an intensity per bunch of 1.15 × 1011 protons so that the total number of protons in one beam will be about 3 × 1014 and the total energy will be 362 MJ. Each bunch will have a duration of 0.5 ns and two successive bunches will be separated by 25 ns, while the power distribution in the radial direction will be Gaussian with a standard deviation, σ = 0.2 mm. The total duration of the beam will be about 89 μs. Using a 2D hydrodynamic code, we have carried out numerical simulations of the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response of a solid copper target that is irradiated with one of the LHC beams. These calculations show that only the first few hundred proton bunches will deposit a high specific energy of 400 kJ/g that will induce exotic states of high energy density in matter.",

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doi = "10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.135004",

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AU - Tahir, N. A.

AU - Kain, V.

AU - Schmidt, R.

AU - Shutov, A.

AU - Lomonosov, I. V.

AU - Gryaznov, V.

AU - Piriz, A. R.

AU - Temporal, M.

AU - Hoffmann, D. H.H.

AU - Fortov, V. E.

PY - 2005/4/8

Y1 - 2005/4/8

N2 - The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will generate two extremely powerful 7 TeV proton beams. Each beam will consist of 2808 bunches with an intensity per bunch of 1.15 × 1011 protons so that the total number of protons in one beam will be about 3 × 1014 and the total energy will be 362 MJ. Each bunch will have a duration of 0.5 ns and two successive bunches will be separated by 25 ns, while the power distribution in the radial direction will be Gaussian with a standard deviation, σ = 0.2 mm. The total duration of the beam will be about 89 μs. Using a 2D hydrodynamic code, we have carried out numerical simulations of the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response of a solid copper target that is irradiated with one of the LHC beams. These calculations show that only the first few hundred proton bunches will deposit a high specific energy of 400 kJ/g that will induce exotic states of high energy density in matter.

AB - The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will generate two extremely powerful 7 TeV proton beams. Each beam will consist of 2808 bunches with an intensity per bunch of 1.15 × 1011 protons so that the total number of protons in one beam will be about 3 × 1014 and the total energy will be 362 MJ. Each bunch will have a duration of 0.5 ns and two successive bunches will be separated by 25 ns, while the power distribution in the radial direction will be Gaussian with a standard deviation, σ = 0.2 mm. The total duration of the beam will be about 89 μs. Using a 2D hydrodynamic code, we have carried out numerical simulations of the thermodynamic and hydrodynamic response of a solid copper target that is irradiated with one of the LHC beams. These calculations show that only the first few hundred proton bunches will deposit a high specific energy of 400 kJ/g that will induce exotic states of high energy density in matter.

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/18144399316

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DO - 10.1103/PhysRevLett.94.135004

M3 - 文章

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JO - Physical Review Letters

JF - Physical Review Letters

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ER -

The CERN large hadron collider as a tool to study high-energy density matter

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