Stir-bar sorptive extraction based on hydroxyl-functionalized zirconium-metal-organic framework for the detection of three quinolones in actual samples

A novel analytical method based on stir-bar sorptive extraction was proposed for the determination of three trace quinolones in fish and shrimp samples. UiO-66-(OH)₂, a hydroxyl-functionalized zirconium metal-organic framework, has been coated on frosted glass rods by an in situ growth method. The product, UiO-66-(OH)₂ modified frosted glass rods, has been characterized and key parameters have been optimized in combination with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography. The detection limits of enoxacin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were 0.48–0.8 ng ml⁻¹, and the detection concentrations were in the range of 10–300 ng ml⁻¹, showing a good linear relationship. This method was used for the determination of three quinolones in aquatic organisms, and the recoveries in spiked fish and shrimp muscle tissue samples were 74.8%–105.4% and 82.5%–115.8%, respectively. The relative standard deviations were less than 6.9%. The established method combined stir-bar sorptive extraction based on UiO-66-(OH)₂ modified frosted glass rods with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, has good application prospects for the detection of quinolone residues in fish and shrimp muscle samples.