Spinning Reserve Requirements Optimization Based on an Improved Multiscenario Risk Analysis Method

This paper proposes a novel security-constrained unit commitment model to calculate the optimal spinning reserve (SR) amount. The model combines cost-benefit analysis with an improved multiscenario risk analysis method capable of considering various uncertainties, including load and wind power forecast errors as well as forced outages of generators. In this model, cost-benefit analysis is utilized to simultaneously minimize the operation cost of conventional generators, the expected cost of load shedding, the penalty cost of wind power spillage, and the carbon emission cost. It remedies the defects of the deterministic and probabilistic methods of SR calculation. In cases where load and wind power generation are negatively correlated, this model based on multistep modeling of net demand can consider the wind power curtailment to maximize the overall economic efficiency of system operation so that the optimal economic values of wind power and SR are achieved. In addition, the impact of the nonnormal probability distributions of wind power forecast error on SR optimization can be taken into account. Using mixed integer linear programming method, simulation studies on a modified IEEE 26-generator reliability test system connected to a wind farm are performed to confirm the effectiveness and advantage of the proposed model.