Simulating Fuel Assembly Bowing: A Neutron-Diffusion Method Based on Arbitrary Quadrilateral Node and Conformal Mapping Technique

Fuel assembly bowing, widely observed in a pressurized water reactor (PWR), often results in an asymmetrical power distribution. This paper proposes a neutron-diffusion method that integrates the arbitrary quadrilateral node with the conformal mapping technique to characterize the impact of fuel assembly bowing on power distribution. The proposed method involves a nonlinear iteration process to solve the neutron-diffusion equation. The global coarse-mesh finite difference equation is established on the arbitrary quadrilateral nodes, which are redivided in response to fuel assembly bowing. The local two-node nodal expansion method equation is established on the rectangular nodes, which are mapped from the original arbitrary quadrilateral nodes using the conformal mapping technique. The proposed method has improved our self-developed core code, named SPARK, for PWRs. To verify this novel method, two distinct types of fuel assembly bowing are modeled based on the mini core. The reference results for these models were obtained using the Monte Carlo code NECP-MCX. The numerical results suggest a robust agreement between the biases of k_eff and power distributions and their corresponding reference results.