Research on the detection of axle abnormal noise based on maximum autocorrelation kurtosis deconvolution

The axle off-line detection is an important link to ensure the sound quality of the axle. The traditional methods mainly rely on condition indicators, psychoacoustic parameters and artificial intelligence, in which the generation mechanism of the abnormal signal is ignored, thus leading to low accuracy and poor interpretability. To solve these problems, a vehicle axle abnormal sound detection method based on abnormal sound mechanism is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the sound quality of 30 newly produced axles is determined by subjective evaluation, and it is clear that the tooth frequency impulse is the main reason for the abnormal sound of axles. Then, a new objective function, autocorrelation kurtosis, is used to deconvolute the axle vibration signal for the periodic impulse feature. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed maximum autocorrelation kurtosis deconvolution (MACKD) is more effective than maximum correlation kurtosis deconvolution (MCKD) and minimum entropy deconvolution (MED). On this basis, the impulse autocorrelation kurtosis index (IACK) is constructed and used to quantify the abnormal sound of the axle. The results show that the correlation between the proposed index and the subjective evaluation results is more than 0.9, which can better identify the sound quality of the axle.